When a couple or a person decides to look for a pregnancy and, for some
reason, it does not come naturally, it is normal that doubts, worries and a
endless number of questions arise.

The good news is that reproductive medicine has accurate tools
to know what is happening and how to help. In this article
we tell you clearly and closely what tests we perform in our clinic
assisted reproduction in Donostia for a good diagnosis of fertility, whether
is her, him, or both.

Fertility tests for her
One of the fundamental aspects to know the reproductive capacity of
a woman is to analyze her ovarian reserve. For this, the analysis of the
antimullerian hormone (AMH) is performed. This hormone allows us to quantify how many eggs
a woman has available, which gives us a clear idea of her current fertility.
In addition, other key hormones may need to be tested:
 FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
 LH (luteinizing hormone)
 Estradiol
 Progesterone
These hormones help us understand the ovarian cycle and check for
imbalances that may be affecting fertility.
Another important test, especially if there are doubts about the patency of the
fallopian tubes, is hysterosonosalpingography. This is a special ultrasound
that evaluates whether the tubes are free or, on the contrary, present
some obstruction that hinders the arrival of the egg to the uterus.

Fertility tests for him
In the case of men, the initial and most common test to evaluate their fertility is
the seminogram. This test analyzes different parameters of the
spermatozoa:
 Concentration (number of sperm per milliliter of semen)

 Mobility (ability of spermatozoa to move)
 Vitality (number of living spermatozoa)
 Morphology (structure and shape of the spermatozoa)

If the semen analysis reveals any alteration, it is possible that complementary
tests may be requested, such as a sperm DNA fragmentation study, to
analyze if the sperm DNA is damaged. A sperm FISH, which evaluates the chromosomal content of the
spermatozoa, could also be performed
.

Fertility tests for both
There are tests that may be necessary for both members of the couple, such as
karyotype. This test analyzes the chromosomes to determine if there are
genetic alterations that may be hindering conception.
Finally, before starting any assisted reproduction treatment, it is
essential to perform a serological analysis of infectious diseases,
as:
 Hepatitis B
 Hepatitis C
  HIV
 Syphilis
It is important that these tests are less than 6 months old, since
that guarantee the safety of both the future parents and the future baby.

In addition, in cases of repeated miscarriages, we will recommend an evaluation of
an immunologist team specialized in assisted reproduction, as we have
discovered many incompatibilities that are easily treatable. We are talking about,
among other factors, the KIR-HLAC genotyping, a tool that allows
to evaluate the risks of embryo rejection by the maternal immune system.

The importance of a good diagnosis